Surfacenormal multiple quantum well electroabsorption. Us7095542b2 electroabsorption modulator having a barrier. Example of an equidistant pam4 generation scheme, using the. In the absence of laser relative intensity noise rin, the link spur free dynamic range sfdr increases with the power of four. Electroabsorption modulators eams based on the quantum confined stark effect. Packaging of high speed electroabsorption modulators involves two primary considerations, the coupling of light into and out of the modulator, and the transfer of the rf drive signal to the modulator. Us20030090774a1 device for coupling drive circuitry to. Stanley a a the department of electronics and electrical engineering, university of glasgow, glasgow, g12 8lt, united kingdom. This can be a phase modulator, an electroabsorption modulator, or one arm of a machzehnder modulator 7 fig. Peripheral coupled waveguide pcw design has been deployed in ingaasp multiple quantumwell mqw electroabsorption modulator eam at 1. Error free transmission was confirmed for each channel.
Simulation of traveling wave electro absorption modulators. Highpower intrastep quantum well electroabsorption. The optical model includes absorption losses by intraband transitions of free. Eams naturally lend themselves to remote assemblies and large array antennae systems due to their size and weight. The present invention relates to a drive circuit can stabilize a bias voltage of an optical modulator to realize long distance transmission by preventing degradation of waveform, even if there is a dispersion on a characteristic of an electroabsorption modulator according to temperature and a secular change.
Broadband silicon electrooptic absorption modulator. Proposal for quantumdot electroabsorption modulator or the effective height of the. The dfb laser includes an active layer and a complex index grating. Largearea devices grown on inp substrates for free space optical communication have been developed. Here we propose a design for a broadband electrooptic absorption modulator.
Us6836350b2 device for coupling drive circuitry to. Highpower intrastep quantum well electroabsorption modulator. A tof depth imaging system for providing a depth image of an object is provided comprising a light source configured to illuminate an object with amplitude modulated light characterized by a wavelength. Low driving voltage band llingbased iiivonsilicon electroabsorption modulator qiangsheng huang,1,2 yingchen wu,2,3 keqi ma,1 jianhao zhang,1 weiqiang xie,2 xin fu,1,2 yaocheng shi,1 kaixuan chen,4 jianjun he,3 dries van thourhout,2 gunther roelkens,2 liu liu,4, a and sailing he1,4, b 1centre for optical and electromagnetic research, zhejiang provincial key laboratory for sensing. A novel electroabsorption modulator eam using intrastep quantum wells iqws and a singlesided large optical cavity waveguide is demonstrated to operate at up to 100 mw of input optical power. A distributed iiivonsi electroabsorption modulator based on an asymmetric segmented electrode has been developed on the hybrid silicon platform for the 1. The manner in which these issues are addressed is shown in figure 7, where a view of the modulator package with the top removed is shown. Abstract electroabsorption from gesi heterostructures is receiving growing attention as a high performance optical modulator for short distance optical interconnects. Electroabsorption modulators used for alloptical signal processing and labelling xu, lin publication date.
Ito, 320 gbits error free demultiplexing using ultrafast optical gate monolithically integrating a photodiode and electroabsorption modulator, electron. Electroabsorption modulators based on bulk gan films and. The same current feedback mechanism that limits the rf link gain is. Pdf ultrahighspeed travelingwave electroabsorption. Introduction in the last decade, the electroabsorption modulator eam has found a wider and wider range of applications within optical communications, although so far mostly at the research level. Verbist et al dacless and dsp free 112 gbs pam4 transmitter using two parallel electroabsorption modulators 1283 fig. Request pdf electroabsorption modulators suitable for 100gbs ethernet the design of a travelingwave electroabsorption modulator tweam has been improved to decrease the drive voltage. Sp2 high speed packaged electroabsorption modulators for. Alloptical wavelength conversion and signal regeneration. We further illustrated the suitability of the technology for both psm.
The key requirements to develop a modulator are nanometer scale footprint, low insertion loss, low switching energy, broadband performance, polarization independence and high modulation depth. Bowers, 30 gbits operation of a travelingwave electroabsorption modulator, optical fiber. Highspeed travelingwave electroabsorption modulators. Its principle of operation is based on the franzkeldysh effect, i. The driver output connects to the anode of the electro absorption modulator eam, while. Electroabsorption modulators used for alloptical signal processing and labelling. Large signal analysis of the dualparallel electroabsorption. Electroabsorption modulator for near transparency and high. The operation of the modulator is also simulated in a simple test circuit. Abstract the paper presents a new device for analog optical. The inpbased electroabsorption modulator is integrated using divinylsiloxanebisbenzocyclobutene adhesive bonding on a silicononinsulator waveguide platform. Normalized transfer curve of the pcweam at three different input optical powers.
Electroabsorption modulators used for alloptical signal. In this paper, a method for realizing a low driving voltage electroabsorption modulator based on the band. Ingangan quantum electroabsorption modulators with record. Change optical path length with applied electric field. An electroabsorption modulator 10 includes at least one quantum well 26 in a conduction band and a corresponding quantum well 26 in a valence band. Lowvoltage broadband electroabsorption from thin gesige quantum. With 10gbs electroabsorption modulator parameter related to devices and materials. The purpose here is to increase the speed of the silicon pics to over 50gbs or more. Pdf recent progress in gesi electroabsorption modulators. Drive circuitry to provide a dc bias voltage and a high frequency modulation current to an electroabsorption modulator eam, including a high frequency modulation current source, a coupling capacitor, and a first dc lead. An electroabsorption modulator eam modulates the amplitude of light thanks to the change in the absorption coefficient of a semiconductor material with an applied external electric field. The same current feedback mechanism that limits the rf link gain is found to be beneficial for the high sfdr operation. Pdf widely tunable electroabsorptionmodulated sampled. Electroabsorption modulator nmechanisms franzkeldysh effect nobserved in conventional bulk semiconductors quantumconfined stark effect qcse nquantum well structures nboth of these electroabsorption effects are prominent near the bandgap of semiconductors.
Low driving voltage bandfillingbased iiivonsilicon electroabsorption modulator qiangsheng huang,1,2 yingchen wu,2,3 keqi ma,1 jianhao zhang,1 weiqiang xie,2 xin fu,1,2 yaocheng shi,1 kaixuan chen,4 jianjun he,3 dries van thourhout,2 gunther roelkens,2 liu liu,4,a and sailing he1,4,a 1centre for optical and electromagnetic research, state key laboratory for modern optical instrumentation. Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public. The paper presents a new device for analog optical links, the balanced electroabsorption modulator, to allow the simultaneous cancellation of laser relative intensity noise, all evenorder distortions, and third order intermodulation. The negative feedback caused by photocurrent generation improves the modulator linearity in the gain saturation regime. Large signal analysis of the dualparallel electroabsorption modulator driven by a mutisinusoidal rf signal is presented. Pdf selfconsistent timedomain largesignal model of high. Pdf chirp characteristics of 10gbs electroabsorption. Pdf modelling intersubband electroabsorption modulation. Problems limiting the yield and modulation speed of such devices have been studied, and solutions to overcome them have been demonstrated. Study on electroabsorption modulators and grating couplers. Balanced electroabsorption modulator for highlinearity.
Electroabsorption modulator chapter 10 electroabsorption modulator a multiquantum well mqw electroabsorption modulator that employs the quantum confined stark effect to absorb. Chirp control of an electroabsorption modulator to be used for. The eml device includes a first electrical contact over the dfb laser and a second electrical contact over the modulator. Electrooptic modulator in silicon is due to free carrier dispersion effect which is as a.
Peripheralcoupledwaveguide mqw electroabsorption modulator. Broadband silicon electrooptic absorption modulator ali w. An electroabsorption modulator with large optical cavity was designed and fabricated successfully. This device showed a 3 db eo bandwidth of 46 ghz and a return loss of. Both planar and ridgewaveguide modulator structures have been developed for operation primarily.
Electroabsorption modulators based on bulk gan films and gan. Pdf the design of electroabsorption modulators with negative. There is always a tradeoff between obtaining a low insertion loss in the onstate the transmissive state and getting a low modulation amplitude that is, the voltage modulation span. Hvam, measurement of the amplitude and phase transfer. An integrated electroabsorption modulated laser eml device includes a distributed feedback dfb laser and modulator. Waveguidebased electroabsorption modulator performance. Pdf a fiberoptic modulator with parallel modulation. This was achieved by actively controlling the reverse bias voltage applied across the electroabsorption modulator. Introduction external optical modulators are very important for optical fiber communication with highspeed modulation in digital and analog systems. Ep0911997a2 drive circuit for electroabsorption modulator. Introduction highspeed and highefficiency electroabsorption modulators eams are key devices for the development of any optical communication systems including highdatarate optical wavelength division multiplexing wdm, highpeed optical time division multiplexing otdm, and.
Low driving voltage bandfillingbased iiivonsilicon. A barrier made from ingaalas or ingaasp is formed within each of the quantum wells in the conduction and valence bands. Electroabsorption modulators suitable for 100gbs ethernet. Dfb laser integrated electroabsorption modulators request pdf. Publishers pdf, also known as version of record includes final page, issue and.
Experimental study of nrz format wavelength conversion using electroabsorption modulator. Pdf electroabsorption modulators eams with negative chirp and very low insertion loss are numerically designed with asymmetric. The other one is a high performance grating coupler, with the purpose. Also, our model will integrated eami dfb lasers, penalty free transmission over help in understanding and designing eamidfb lasers in terms km of standard fiber has been achieved using negative of largesignal chirp. Electroabsorption modulator eamdistributed feedback dfb modules with recordhigh bandwidth of 41 ghz have been developed. The drive circuitry may include termination circuitry. We show that the modulation performance based on free carriers falls short of. Electro optic modulator in silicon is due to free carrier dispersion effect which is as a. An electroabsorption modulator eam is a semiconductor device which can be used for modulating the intensity of a laser beam via an electric voltage. Balanced electroabsorption modulator for highlinearity, low. Introduction external optical modulators are very important for optical fiber communication with. Pdf highpower operation of electroabsorption modulators. Graphene, a single atomic layer of carbon arranged in a hexagonal lattice 5, has drawn intense interest after being first discovered in 2004 67. Us10254407b2 electroabsorption modulator for depth.
Electroabsorption, spice, travelingwave modulator 1. Optical signal processing using electroabsorption modulators. A terminating impedance circuit, which is thermally decoupled from a substrate, for an electroabsorption modulator, having a modulator capacitance includes a series resistanceemphasized rf delay line exhibiting an impedance distributed over its length, wherein the spatially distributed impedance has at least a predominant resistance per unit length, an inductance per unit length tuned to the. Proposal for quantumdot electroabsorption modulator. High speed electroabsorption modulator by integration of a rtd with an optical waveguide j. The large signal model for electroabsorption modulators is studied and.
Chapter 10 electroabsorption modulator a multiquantum well mqw electroabsorption modulator that employs the quantum confined stark effect to absorb. Pdf proposal for quantumdot electroabsorption modulator. Pdf selfconsistent timedomain largesignal model of. Segmented transmissionline electroabsorption modulators.
Low driving voltage band llingbased iiivonsilicon electroabsorption modulator qiangsheng huang,1,2 yingchen wu,2,3 keqi ma,1 jianhao zhang,1 weiqiang xie,2 xin fu,1,2 yaocheng shi,1 kaixuan chen,4 jianjun he,3 dries van thourhout,2 gunther roelkens,2 liu liu,4, a and sailing he1,4, b. Measurementbased model for mqw electroabsorption modulators. Widely tunable sampled grating dbr laser with integrated electroabsorption modulator, ieee photnics technology. Index termsclock recovery, electroabsorption modulator eam, optical data processing, regeneration.
We have analyzed the linearity performance of analog fiberoptic links based on electroabsorption modulators eam operating at high optical power. Sp2 high speed packaged electroabsorption modulators. High speed electroabsorption modulator by integration of a. We report waveguideintegrated ge electroabsorption modulators operating at 1615nm wavelength with 3db. Application of electroabsorption modulators for highspeed. Absorption recovery limits the electrical bandwidth of an interband electroabsorption modulator, leading to interest in exploiting intersubband absorption isba as a. While most papers report mach zehnder modulator mzm usage for odb 5, 6, in this research it was opted to use eams. Iiiv semiconductor electroabsorption modulators for 1550. Calculated frequency responses for segmented travelingwave eams using different terminator impedance z0. Both planar and ridgewaveguide modulator structures have been developed for operation primarily near. Pcw enhances the optical saturation power and reduces the optical insertion loss and the equivalent vsub pi simultaneously. When the iqw eam with uncoated facets is tested in an analog fiber link, the radiofrequency link gain reaches 16. Electroabsorption modulated fabryperot lasers and methods of making the same are described.
Pdf spice simulation for analysis of travelingwave. Efficient inpbased electroabsorption waveguide modulators for both analog and digital photonic applications have been demonstrated. A low power 2x28 gb s electroabsorption modulator driver. Pdf highspeed gesi electroabsorption modulator on the soi. Pdf broadband silicon electrooptic absorption modulator. Heterojunction and quantum well optical modulator structures have been fabricated using metalorganic chemical vapor deposition epitaxial growth of ingaaspinp. Ultrahighspeed travelingwave electroabsorption modulator design and analysis. Pdf ultrathin ultrabroadband electroabsorption modulator. One lead of the high frequency modulation current source is electrically coupled to the first semiconductor type. In one aspect, a light source includes a fabryperot fp laser that is operable to generate multimode laser light, an electroabsorption modulator eam that is configured to selectively absorb and transmit laser light traveling therethrough, and an optical isolator. A 40 gbits electroabsorption modulator driven by a peaktopeak voltage as low as 0. Two highspeed optical integrated devices utilizing a travelling wave electroabsorption modulator tw.
Balanced electroabsorption modulator for highlinearity, lownoise microwave analog optical link f. High speed electroabsorption modulators in generic. Pcw enhances the optical saturation power and reduces the optical insertion loss and the equivalent vpi simultaneously. For modulators in telecommunications, small size and modulation voltages. The devices consistently achieve damage free operation at a dc bias of 5v and well over 60 ma photocurrent. The recovered optical clock has 500fs timing jitter and 8ps pulsewidth. The trends for lpp are very similar to that of eril seen before. A fourchannel electroabsorption modulator array, driven by 32nm cmos drivers. Analysis of linearity of highly saturated electroabsorption. The individual drivers can be operated from 20 to 28 gbs with a con. Us10254407b2 electroabsorption modulator for depth imaging. Pdf waveguideintegrated, ultralowenergy gesi electro. Wide temperature operation of 40gbps 1550nm electroabsorption.
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